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To cut through some of this confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you've got bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code which represents ownership of an electronic concept kind of like a digital IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a distributed network that maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, like a bank or payment gateway. It is created and kept electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the planet, using free software.
It was the first example of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing strength class which shares some characteristics of traditional currencies, with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software developer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment system based on mathematical evidence. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, which could be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable way.
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Bitcoin can be used to cover things electronically, if both parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, which are also traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It's maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run through an open network of committed computers spread around the globe. This attracts individuals and groups who are uncomfortable with all the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin simplifies the double spending issue of electronic currencies (in which digital assets can easily be copied and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of this currency (and notably citizens with very little alternative) bear the price.
While senders of traditional electronic payments are often identified (for verification purposes, and to abide by anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in concept function in semi-anonymity. Since there is no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender gets the necessary bitcoin in addition to the authority to send them.
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In practice, every user is identified with the address of their wallet. Transactions can, with some effort, be tracked this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify users if necessary.
Furthermore, most exchanges are required by law to perform identity checks on their clients before they're permitted to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another manner that bitcoin usage can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the advancement of a particular transaction is observable to all.
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This is because there's no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. If a transaction is recorded on the network, and if greater than an hour has passed, view then it is impossible to modify.
Even though this might disquiet a few, it will mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, roughly one hundredth of a cent. This could conceivably enable this hyperlink microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read more to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, as well as how you can purchase, sell and save your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, in addition to the way its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it and how it can assist you, without floundering into technical details, this guide is for you. It will explain how the system operates, how you can use it to your profit, which scams to avoid. It will also direct you to resources that will enable you to store and use your first parts of digital currency.